■正多角形の作図と原始根(その191)

 3次方程式:x^3=px+qの解は

  x=3√A+3√B

  A=q/2+√((q/2)^2−(p/3)^3)

  B=q/2−√((q/2)^2−(p/3)^3)

で与えられる.

y^3+y^2-2y-1=0

y=x-1/3とおく

x^3-x^2+x/3-1/27+x^2-2x/3+1/9-2x+2/3-1=0

x^3-7x/3-1/27+3/27-9/27=0

x^3-7x/3-7/27=0

x^3-7x/3+11/27=0、p=7/3,q=+7/27

A=7/54+{(7/54)^2-(7/9)^3}^1/2

B=7/54-{(7/54)^2-(7/9)^3}^1/2

A=7/54+(21i√3)/54

B=7/54-(21 i√3)/54

y=3√A+3√B-1/3=α+β-1/3

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カルダノの解に対してもファンデルモンド行列を用いると

w={-1+i√3}/2

w^2={-1-i√3}/2

に対して

z0=α+β

z1=wα+w^2β

z2=w^2α+wβ

z0z1z2=α^3+β^3

2cos(2π/7)=-1/3+α+β

2cos(4π/7)=-1/3+w^2α+wβ

2cos(6π/7)=-1/3+wα+w^2β

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以下に、右辺と左辺を別個に計算するプログラムと計算結果を示す。

1.24698 0

1.24698 5.00679E-06

-.445043 3.09944E-06

-.445039 -5.54323E-06

-1.80194 -3.57628E-06

-1.80194 7.62939E-06

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1000 PI=3.14159

1010 A=7/54

1020 B=21/54*SQR(3)

1030 W0=0:W1=PI*2/3:W2=PI*4/3

1040 DIM W(10)

1050 '

1060 PFILE$="scrn:":'pfile$="b:12345.txt"

1070 OPEN PFILE$ FOR OUTPUT AS #1

1080 W(1)=W0:W(2)=W0:GOSUB *CALC1

1090 Y=2*COS(PI*2/7)

1100 PRINT #1,Y,Y^3+Y^2-2*Y-1

1110 '

1120 W(1)=W2:W(2)=W1:GOSUB *CALC1

1130 Y=2*COS(PI*4/7)

1140 PRINT #1,Y,Y^3+Y^2-2*Y-1

1150 '

1160 W(1)=W1:W(2)=W2:GOSUB *CALC1

1170 Y=2*COS(PI*6/7)

1180 PRINT #1,Y,Y^3+Y^2-2*Y-1

1190 '

1200 CLOSE #1

1210 END

1220 '

1230 *CALC1:

1240 SS=0:TT=0

1250 REA=A:IMA=B :WA=0:WZ=W(1):GOSUB *CALC2

1260 REA=A:IMA=-B :WA=0:WZ=W(2):GOSUB *CALC2

1270 Y=-1/3+SS

1280 PRINT #1," "

1290 PRINT #1,Y,Y^3+Y^2-2*Y-1

1300 RETURN

1310 '

1320 *CALC2:

1330 ZA=SQR(REA^2+IMA^2)

1340 TANA=IMA/REA

1350 TH=ATN(TANA)

1360 'PRINT COS(TH/3+WA)*ZA^(1/3)

1370 'PRINT SIN(TH/3+WA)*ZA^(1/3)

1380 REZ=COS(TH/3+WA+WZ)*ZA^(1/3)

1390 IMZ=SIN(TH/3+WA+WZ)*ZA^(1/3)

1400 'PRINT REZ

1410 SS=SS+REZ

1420 TT=TT+IMZ

1430 RETURN

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