■正多角形の作図と原始根(その191)
3次方程式:x^3=px+qの解は
x=3√A+3√B
A=q/2+√((q/2)^2−(p/3)^3)
B=q/2−√((q/2)^2−(p/3)^3)
で与えられる.
y^3+y^2-2y-1=0
y=x-1/3とおく
x^3-x^2+x/3-1/27+x^2-2x/3+1/9-2x+2/3-1=0
x^3-7x/3-1/27+3/27-9/27=0
x^3-7x/3-7/27=0
x^3-7x/3+11/27=0、p=7/3,q=+7/27
A=7/54+{(7/54)^2-(7/9)^3}^1/2
B=7/54-{(7/54)^2-(7/9)^3}^1/2
A=7/54+(21i√3)/54
B=7/54-(21 i√3)/54
y=3√A+3√B-1/3=α+β-1/3
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カルダノの解に対してもファンデルモンド行列を用いると
w={-1+i√3}/2
w^2={-1-i√3}/2
に対して
z0=α+β
z1=wα+w^2β
z2=w^2α+wβ
z0z1z2=α^3+β^3
2cos(2π/7)=-1/3+α+β
2cos(4π/7)=-1/3+w^2α+wβ
2cos(6π/7)=-1/3+wα+w^2β
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以下に、右辺と左辺を別個に計算するプログラムと計算結果を示す。
1.24698 0
1.24698 5.00679E-06
-.445043 3.09944E-06
-.445039 -5.54323E-06
-1.80194 -3.57628E-06
-1.80194 7.62939E-06
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1000 PI=3.14159
1010 A=7/54
1020 B=21/54*SQR(3)
1030 W0=0:W1=PI*2/3:W2=PI*4/3
1040 DIM W(10)
1050 '
1060 PFILE$="scrn:":'pfile$="b:12345.txt"
1070 OPEN PFILE$ FOR OUTPUT AS #1
1080 W(1)=W0:W(2)=W0:GOSUB *CALC1
1090 Y=2*COS(PI*2/7)
1100 PRINT #1,Y,Y^3+Y^2-2*Y-1
1110 '
1120 W(1)=W2:W(2)=W1:GOSUB *CALC1
1130 Y=2*COS(PI*4/7)
1140 PRINT #1,Y,Y^3+Y^2-2*Y-1
1150 '
1160 W(1)=W1:W(2)=W2:GOSUB *CALC1
1170 Y=2*COS(PI*6/7)
1180 PRINT #1,Y,Y^3+Y^2-2*Y-1
1190 '
1200 CLOSE #1
1210 END
1220 '
1230 *CALC1:
1240 SS=0:TT=0
1250 REA=A:IMA=B :WA=0:WZ=W(1):GOSUB *CALC2
1260 REA=A:IMA=-B :WA=0:WZ=W(2):GOSUB *CALC2
1270 Y=-1/3+SS
1280 PRINT #1," "
1290 PRINT #1,Y,Y^3+Y^2-2*Y-1
1300 RETURN
1310 '
1320 *CALC2:
1330 ZA=SQR(REA^2+IMA^2)
1340 TANA=IMA/REA
1350 TH=ATN(TANA)
1360 'PRINT COS(TH/3+WA)*ZA^(1/3)
1370 'PRINT SIN(TH/3+WA)*ZA^(1/3)
1380 REZ=COS(TH/3+WA+WZ)*ZA^(1/3)
1390 IMZ=SIN(TH/3+WA+WZ)*ZA^(1/3)
1400 'PRINT REZ
1410 SS=SS+REZ
1420 TT=TT+IMZ
1430 RETURN
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