■書ききれなかった微分積分の話(その60)

[4]∫dx/(1+x^2)^3/2=x/(1+x^2)^1/2

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 ∫dx/(1+x^2)^3/2dx=∫{2t/(1+t^2)}^3・(1+t^2)/2t^2dt

=2∫2t/(1+t^2)^2dt

 1+t^2=sとおく.2tdt=ds

=2∫1/s^2ds=−2/s

 t=x+(1+x^2)^1/2

 s=2+2x^2+2x(1+x^2)^1/2

 −2/s=−1/{1+x^2−x(1+x^2)^1/2}

(1+x^2)^2−x^2(1+x^2)=1+x^2

 −2/s=−{1+x^2−x(1+x^2)^1/2}/(1+x^2)

=x/(1+x^2)^1/2−1

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